1. Read the passage and answer the questions A and B.
A peace movement is a social movement that seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular war (or all wars), minimize inter-human violence in a particular place or type of situation, including ban of guns, and is often linked to the goal of achieving world peace. Means to achieve these ends include advocacy of pacifism, non-violent resistance, diplomacy, boycotts, demonstrations, peace camps; supporting anti-war political candidates and banning guns, creating open government, direct democracy; supporting people who expose war-crimes or conspiracies to create wars, and making laws. Different organizations involved in peace movements may have some diverse goals, but one common goal is sustainability of peace.
Peace movement is basically an all-encompassing “anti-war movement”. It is primarily characterized by a belief that human beings should not wage war on each other or engage in violent conflicts over language, race, natural resources, religion or ideology. It is believed that military power is not the equivalent of justice. The peace movement tends to oppose the proliferation of dangerous technologies and weapons of mass destruction, in particular, nuclear weapons and biological warfare. Moreover, many object to the export of weapons including hand-held machine guns and grenades by leading economic nations to lesser developed nations.
A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.
(a) What does the word ‘pacifism’ mean?
(i) compensate (ii) engage in (iii) remuneration (iv) placid
(b) Military power goes out to ensure ——.
(i) unrest (ii) progress (iii) lawfulness (iv) equality
(c) The peace movement activists are critical of ——.
(i) martial law (ii) atom bombs
(iii) chemical weapons (iv) all of these
(d) The passage mainly justifies ——.
(i) the destruction of war only (ii) social movement
(iii) weal (iv) nuclear weapons
(e) Human beings —— each other.
(i) should not engage themselves in war (ii) must involve a fight with
(iii) should not encounter with (iv) can avert
B. Answer the following questions.
(a) What do you mean by ‘nuclear weapon’ and ‘biological warfare’?
(b) ‘A peace movement is a social movement’. What does it signify?
(c) How is military power considered in peace movement?
(d) What are the modes to achieve the objectives of peace movement?
(e) Do you think the increase of weapons is responsible for the unrest of the world? Explain it in 2/3 sentences.
3. Write a summary of the following poem.
I love to rise in a summer morn,
When the birds sing on every tree;
The distant huntsman winds his horn,
And the skylark sings with me:
O what sweet company!
But to go to school in a summer morn, —
O it drives all joy away!
Under a cruel eye outworn,
The little ones spend the day
In sighing and dismay.
5. Fill in each gap with suitable words.
Unsafe levels of pesticides are present in around half of the vegetables and more than a quarter of fruits sold in the capital’s markets, a recent (a) —— has found. A 15-member team of the National Food Safety Laboratory, with support from the (b) —— (FAO), came up with the findings after collecting and testing food samples from the capital’s Gulshan, Karwanbazar and Mohakhali markets. The survey report, a copy of which was acquired by the Dhaka Tribune, read that nearly 40% of 82 samples of milk, milk products, fish, fruits and vegetables contained banned (c) —— such as DDT, Aldrin, Chlordane and Heptachlor. The Director of Institute of Public Health (IPH), told the Dhaka Tribune that the (d) —— report has been submitted to the Health Ministry. Further tests of different products were being (e) —— out at the Food Safety Lab. (f) —— food products are reportedly the cause behind thousands of people suffering from (g) —— diseases like cancer, kidney failure and heart problems. Health specialists told the Dhaka Tribune that the Ministry of (h) —— had enacted a Food Safety Act, but was yet to prepare the necessary rules. As the issue of food safety was also linked to 14 other ministries, a coordinated agency should take (i) —— of ensuring safety in (j) —— products, they added.
6. Rewrite the following sentences in proper order. Write down the sequence only.
(i) The blacks were subjected to all sorts of indignities and they were denied all basic human rights.
(ii) He was thrown behind the prison bars, but the oppressive rulers could not break his spirit.
(iii) Nelson Mandela was the greatest leader of South Africa who struggled against apartheid all his life.
(iv) Eventually, the great leader realized the goal of liberating his own people.
(v) In fact, he was one of the greatest leaders of the world.
(vi) They were aliens in their own country.
(vii) It was government policy of racial segregation and the Europeans were separated from the non-Europeans.
(viii) The blacks were treated cruelly.
(ix) The great leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice.
(x) Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks.
